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Blood Pressure Reading - What Does It Foretell
If you've been diagnosed with high blood pressure, you are more than likely to have to checkyour daily blood pressure, which you can do through various methods. Which one suits yourlifestyle and preferences is something that you should discuss with your doctor.
Before you even get that far, however, you should know what blood pressure is, how it works inyour body, and how to find out what your blood pressure is. Let us start with the basics. Yourblood pressure is simply a measurement of the pressure it takes for your heart to force blood outof your heart and into arteries. Arteries carry oxygenated blood throughout your circulatorysystem, to every cell, tissue, and organ within your body.
Lub-dub, Lub-dub, Lub-dub...
Blood pressure is separated into two terms: systolic and diastolic. The moment that your heartpumps blood through your heart, heart valves in the chambers of your heart make sounds, a sortof 'lub-dub'. You can hear the first sound, the 'lub', when the heart muscle contracts, creating asystolic blood pressure. This pressure is also the first set of numbers that show up when someoneis taking your blood pressure.
A normal systolic blood pressure reading can range anywherebetween 120 and 130. However, when the heart muscle rests, or relaxes, you hear the 'dub' sound,called the diastolic blood pressure. This reading normally ranges from 80 to 90 beats a minute.While everyone is different and a blood pressure between an older person and a child can differ, general guidelines exist that decide whether your blood pressure is higher than normal.
Athletic individuals normally have lower blood pressure than others, because their heart muscle isstronger and pumps more efficiently.Taking Care of Your HeartKeeping a normal blood pressure through a proper diet and enough exercise is not always easy.But not doing so can eventually cause the heart muscle and the linings of blood vessels toweaken or become clogged with cholesterol or plaque.
Such a condition forces the heart to workharder to pump blood and provide enough oxygenated and nutrient rich blood to reach all cellsand tissues.Taking care of your heart is important, not only to your daily activities, but also for yourlong-term health.
You should check your blood pressure regularly. If your doctor tells you thatyou have high blood pressure, do everything you can to get it back under control. Medications, achange of diet and exercise work wonders on high blood pressure. But if possible, try to preventsuch measures by maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Stay away from high fat foods, eat plenty offruits and vegetables and make sure that you exercise every day, even if it's a walk around theblock after a long day at work.
Recording your blood pressure reading, whether you have been diagnosed with high bloodpressure, can alert you to changes in your body that you might not be aware of. Take charge ofyour heart. After all, it is the only one you have.Get the latest in blood pressure reading know how from the only true source at http://www.bloodpressurefile.comArticle Source:
http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Stan_Kitchen
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Lynn's hypertension (high blood pressure) was so high that she was close to having a stroke.
But through lifestyle and diet changes, she was able to get and keep her numbers down.
To read Lynn's true hypertension story, visit here.
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Tuesday, September 22, 2009
Monday, September 21, 2009
Smoking, Hypertension and High Cholesterol
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Men With These Three Risks Die 10 Years Sooner...
British study tracks 19,000 men after 40 years
Paris : Middle-aged male smokers with high cholesterol and blood pressure die, on average, a decade sooner than peers without any of these heart disease risk factors, according to a study published yesterday (18 September 2009).
Many studies have shown that not smoking, eating healthy and exercising cut heart disease rates. But few have tracked the problem from the other end : To what extent is life expectance shortened by having these heart disease risk factors.
To find out, researchers led by Dr. Robert Clarker from Oxford University sifted the data from 19,000 male British civil servants who were examined in the late 1960s when they were 40 to 69 years old.
Participants provided detailed information about their medical history, lifestyle and smoking habits and doctors recorded their weight, blood pressure, lung function, cholesterol and blood sugar levels.
They were followed up nearly 40 years later in 2005, by which time 13,501 had died.
The study, published in the British Medical Journal (BMJ), found that the men who faced a triple risk threat at the outset were two to three times more likely to have died of heart-related problem than men free of all three risk factors. On average, their lives were shortened by a decade.
“We've shown that men at age 50 who smoke, have high blood pressure and high cholesterol levels can expect to survive to 74 years of age, while those who have non of these risk factors can expect to live until 83.,” said Dr. Clarke, according to the BBC.
“It is precisely this kind of very prolonged follow-up study that is necessary to get these results – that modest differences in heart risk factors can accurately predicts significant differences in life expectancy. The results give people another way of looking at heart disease risk factors that can be understood more readily. If you stop smoking or take measures to deal with high blood pressure or body weight, it will translate into increased life expectancy.”
Professor Peter Weissberg, medical director at the British Heart Foundation, said : “This important study puts a figure on the life-limiting effects of smoking, high blood pressure and high cholesterol.
“It provides a stark illustration of how these risk factors in the middle age can reduce life expectancy. The good news is that all of us can make changes to help us live a healty life for longer, even after 50.”
He added : “Although the study only involved men, there is no reason why the same should not apply to women. So, I urge all men and women over 40 to have a health check – that all GPs can provide – which will include finding out their blood pressure and cholesterol levels, and starting to address any areas of concern.”
The percentage of people who have fatal strokes or heart attacks has declined by about a quarter in many rich countries oveer the last decade.
But the prevalence of known risk factors has not dropped as quickly.
In the United States, for example, uncontrolled hypertension has fallen since 1999 by only 16 percent, high blood cholesterol by 19 percent, and tobacco use by just over 15 percent, says the American Heart Association. Other sources of risk have remained constant or even increased : People exercise no more than 10 years ago, while rates of obesity have climbed sharply, especially among children.
Agency France-Presse
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The Straits Times Saturday, September 19, 2009
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Men With These Three Risks Die 10 Years Sooner...
British study tracks 19,000 men after 40 years
Paris : Middle-aged male smokers with high cholesterol and blood pressure die, on average, a decade sooner than peers without any of these heart disease risk factors, according to a study published yesterday (18 September 2009).
Many studies have shown that not smoking, eating healthy and exercising cut heart disease rates. But few have tracked the problem from the other end : To what extent is life expectance shortened by having these heart disease risk factors.
To find out, researchers led by Dr. Robert Clarker from Oxford University sifted the data from 19,000 male British civil servants who were examined in the late 1960s when they were 40 to 69 years old.
Participants provided detailed information about their medical history, lifestyle and smoking habits and doctors recorded their weight, blood pressure, lung function, cholesterol and blood sugar levels.
They were followed up nearly 40 years later in 2005, by which time 13,501 had died.
The study, published in the British Medical Journal (BMJ), found that the men who faced a triple risk threat at the outset were two to three times more likely to have died of heart-related problem than men free of all three risk factors. On average, their lives were shortened by a decade.
“We've shown that men at age 50 who smoke, have high blood pressure and high cholesterol levels can expect to survive to 74 years of age, while those who have non of these risk factors can expect to live until 83.,” said Dr. Clarke, according to the BBC.
“It is precisely this kind of very prolonged follow-up study that is necessary to get these results – that modest differences in heart risk factors can accurately predicts significant differences in life expectancy. The results give people another way of looking at heart disease risk factors that can be understood more readily. If you stop smoking or take measures to deal with high blood pressure or body weight, it will translate into increased life expectancy.”
Professor Peter Weissberg, medical director at the British Heart Foundation, said : “This important study puts a figure on the life-limiting effects of smoking, high blood pressure and high cholesterol.
“It provides a stark illustration of how these risk factors in the middle age can reduce life expectancy. The good news is that all of us can make changes to help us live a healty life for longer, even after 50.”
He added : “Although the study only involved men, there is no reason why the same should not apply to women. So, I urge all men and women over 40 to have a health check – that all GPs can provide – which will include finding out their blood pressure and cholesterol levels, and starting to address any areas of concern.”
The percentage of people who have fatal strokes or heart attacks has declined by about a quarter in many rich countries oveer the last decade.
But the prevalence of known risk factors has not dropped as quickly.
In the United States, for example, uncontrolled hypertension has fallen since 1999 by only 16 percent, high blood cholesterol by 19 percent, and tobacco use by just over 15 percent, says the American Heart Association. Other sources of risk have remained constant or even increased : People exercise no more than 10 years ago, while rates of obesity have climbed sharply, especially among children.
Agency France-Presse
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The Straits Times Saturday, September 19, 2009
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Friday, September 11, 2009
What Causes Bad Breath?
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What Causes Bad Breath ?
Bad breath is a common health problem which greately affects the daytoday activities of somany people. The offenssive odor from the mouth is unpleasent to those who come in close contact with bad breathers. The problem will be doubled by psychological trauma leading to depression.
The sufferers from this problem wil be isolated from the society. This can even lead to marital disharmony.
Literally speaking all human beings are bad breathres. Oral cavity contains millions of anaerobic bacteria like fusobacterium and actinomyces which acts on the protein of food materials and putrifies them. This process results in the formation of offenssive gases like hydrogen sulphide, methyl mescaptan, cadaverin, skatol, putrescine ect causing bad odor. If oral hygiene is not maintained properly all will suffer from bad breath. Most of us control this by regular brushing, tongue cleaning and gargling. Even after maintining cleanliness in the mouth some individuals suffer from offenssive smell due to various causes which has to be diagnosed and treated properly.
Some Common Causes Of Bad Breath :
1) Poor Oral Hygiene : If oral hygiene is not maintained properly the mouth becomes the seat for millions of bacteria which produce offenssive gases by degrading the food debris. Bad breath is severe in those who do not brush their teeth regularly and clean their mouth after every food.
Snacks taken inbetween meals can also produce bad breath because of improper cleaning. Bad breath is common in almost all people in the morning on waking. During sleep there is less production of saliva. Saliva has got some anti-bacterial properties which help to keep the mouth clean. Saliva contains oxygen molecules which is needed to make oral cavity aerobic. So the reduction in it's quantity during sleep makes a favourable condition for anaerobic bacteria.
2) Food Habits : The main cause of bad smell is due to degradation of protein by the bacteria and hence all food products rich in protein favours bad breath. Meat, fish, milk products, eggs, cakes, nuts, pear and fruits can cause bad breath.
Some food articles can produce particular type of smell which may be unpleasent. Raw onion can produce typical bad smell. It is said that an apple a day keeps the doctor away, a raw onion a day keeps everybody away. Eating groundnuts can also produce bad smell. However if proper cleaning is done smell can be reduced irrespective of the nature of food. Irregularity in timing of food can also produce bad breath. Small food articles taken in between the meals can also produce bad smell.
3) Biofilm : There is formation of a thin sticky coating called biofilm on the tongue and oral mucosa. This coating is thick on the posterior aspect of the tongue where millions of gram negative bacteriae are seen. The thick coating on the tongue is always associated with bad breath. Even a thin biofilm can make anaerobic condition favourable for bacterial proliferation.
4) Dental Caries : This is a destructive process causing decalcification with distruction of enamel and dentine resulting in cavitisation of the tooth. These are produced mainly by the lactobacilli . Food particles are deposited inside these cavities and are putrified by the anaerobic bacteria producing bad smell. Normal brushing will not remove the food debris easily and hence they are putrified completely. Caries are common in schoolgoing children and in those who donot maintain proper oral hygiene. Calcium and vitamin deficiency can also predispose caries.
5) Gingivitis : Gum is a mucus membrane with supporting connective tissue covering the tooth bearing borders of the jaw. The main function of gum is protection. Gingivitis is the inflammation of the gum. Due to various causes gum tissue get infected resulting in swelling, pain and discharge. If the condition become worse the infection spread towards peridontal area leading to continuous discharge called pyorrhoea. Some times the infection goes deep producing alveolar abscess with discharge of pus. Infection can even reach the bone causing osteomyelitis.All these conditions can produce offenssive smell.
6) Gum Retraction : When the gums retract from the teeth a gap is developed which will lodge food particles and cause bad breath.
7) Dental Plaques and Tartar Deposits : Plaques and tartar is deposited mainly in the gaps between the teeth and gum. This will provide shelter for the food debris and bacteria causing bad breath.
8) Ulcerative Lesions & Coatings : Almost all ulcerative lesions of the mouth are associated with bad breath. These lesions may be caused by bacteria,viruses,food allergies or due to autoimmune disorders. Apthous ulcer is the commonest amoung ulcerative lesions. Others are herpes,fungal infections,vincents angina,infectious mononucleosis, scarlet fever, diphtheria,drug reactions and ect. Cancerous ulcers produce severe bad breath. All fungal infections produce white coating(candidiasis). Leucoplakia is a white thick patch on the mucus membrane of the mouth & tongue. It is considered as a precancerous condition. Offenssive breath is associated with these conditions.
9) Diseases of the Salivary Glands : Saliva is very useful to supply oxygen to all parts of the oral cavity. Even a thin film of coating called biofilm can provide an anaerobic condition in the mouth. Saliva can wet these layers and make an aerobic condition which is unfavourable for the bacteria. Any condition which reduces the production of saliva can increase bacterial activity. Some times the salivary duct is obstructed by stones or tumors. Cancer of the salivary gland is associated with offenssive odor. In suppurative parotitis purulant dischrge in to the mouth causes bad breath.
10) Tonsillitis : Tonsils are a pair of lymphoid tissue situated in the lateral wall of oropharynx. Inflammation of the tonsil is called tonsillitis. Bad breath is seen in both acute and chronic tonsillitis. Quinsy or peritonsillar abscess can also produce bad breath.
11) Tonsillar Plaques & Tonsillar Fluid : If bad breath persists even after maintaining proper oral hygeine there is possibility of this condition. Serous fluid secreated from the folds of tonsil is very offenssive. Some patients complain that they hawk some cheesy materials from the throat -which are very offenssive in nature. These are formed inside the tonsillar crypts which contain thousands of bacteriae. In such conditions tonsillectomy gives noticiable relief from bad breath.
12) Pharyngitis & Pharyngial Abscess : Pharynx is a fibromuscular tube which forms the upper part of the digestive & respiratory tract. Inflammation of the pharynx is called pharyngitis, caused mainly by bacteria and viruses. Bad breath is present in pharyngitis along with other signs like cough and throat irritation. Abscesses in the wall of pharynx can also produce offenssive discharge of pus in to the throat.
13) Dentures : Denture users may complain about bad smell due to lodgement of small food debris in between. Proper brushing may not be possible in denture users especially fixed dentures.
14) Tobacco : Tobacco chewing is associated with bad breath. The smell of tobacco itself is unpleasent for others. Tobacco can irritate the mucus membrane and cause ulcers and coatings. Gingivitis and pyorrhoea are common in tobacco chewers. Tartar is deposited on the teeth mainly near the gums. Tobacco chewers get gastric acidity with eructations. All these causes offenssive smell.
15) Smoking : Smokers always have bad smell. It can also produce lesions in the mouth & lungs causing bad breath. Smoking increases carbon dioxide in the oral cavity & reduces oxygen level,causing a favourable condition for bacteria. Smoking reduses appetite & thirst hence acid peptic disease is common in chain smokers.
16) Lessons In The Nose & Ear : Bad breath is occasionally seen in sinusitis(infection of para nasal sinuses). In case of post nasal dripping bad breath is common due to the presence of protein in the discharges. These proteins are degraded by the bacteria. Infection in the middle ear with discharge of pus in to the throat through the eustachian tube(passage from middle ear to the throat)can also cause offenssive odor. Chronic rhinitis(infection of mucus membrane of nose) and forign bodies in the nose can also produce bad smell in the expired air.
17) Diabetes Mellitus : Mostly all diabetic patients suffer from bad breath. Coated tongue, ulcers & coatings in the mouth, increased sugar level in tissues ect are responsible for bad breath. Bacterial growth in diabetic patient is very faster than non diabetic individuals.
18) Fevers : Bad breath is common in almost all fevers. Even an acute fever can produce bad breath. Severe bad breath is seen in typhoid .Other infectious diseases like Tuberculosis , AIDS ect produce bad smell.
19) Fasting & Dehydration : Dry mouth favours bacterial activity. So any condition which produce dryness in the mouth makes the breath offenssive. Eventhough the food particles are known to produce bad breath, fasting can also produce the same. Production of saliva is also reduced during fasting. Chewing and swallowing also helps to keep the mouth clean.
20) Bedridden Patients : Bedridden patients suffer from offenssive breath due to thick coating on the tongue. water intake is also limited in these patients. Regurgitation of food aggravates the condition. Since they talk less aeration in the oral cavity is reduced which favours anaerobic bacteria to become active.
21) Diseases of Stomach & Esophagus : Eructation of gas and food produce unpleasent smell. Abnormality in the function of lower sphincter can allow the food to regurgitate upwards causing bad breath. Bad breath is also common in gastritis, gastric ulcer and cancer of stomach.
22) Intestinal Diseases: Bad breath is common in patients suffering from ulcerative lesions of intestine like ulcerative collitis. Other diseases are malabsorption syndrome intestinal tuberculosis, peritonitis ect.
23) Diseases Of Lungs : Lung diseases like pneumonia, lung abscess,chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, tuberculosis, lung cancer ect can produce bad odor during expiration.
24) Liver Disorders : Liver diseases like hepatitis, cirrhosis,can cause bad breath.Gall bladder diseases with vomiting also causes unpleasent odor.
25) Psychiatric Patients : Bad breath is common in psychotic patients due to poor hygiene, irregular food habits, less water intake and ect.
26) Somatisation Disorder : This is a psychiatric disorder charecterised by the presence of a physical symptom that suggest a medical illness. These patients come with physical complaints like pain, nausea difficult respiration, bad smell ect. This condition is diagnosed after detailed examination of the patient with all investigations. Since this is a psychiatric disorder it has to be managed with a psychological approach.
========================================
What Causes Bad Breath ?
Bad breath is a common health problem which greately affects the daytoday activities of somany people. The offenssive odor from the mouth is unpleasent to those who come in close contact with bad breathers. The problem will be doubled by psychological trauma leading to depression.
The sufferers from this problem wil be isolated from the society. This can even lead to marital disharmony.
Literally speaking all human beings are bad breathres. Oral cavity contains millions of anaerobic bacteria like fusobacterium and actinomyces which acts on the protein of food materials and putrifies them. This process results in the formation of offenssive gases like hydrogen sulphide, methyl mescaptan, cadaverin, skatol, putrescine ect causing bad odor. If oral hygiene is not maintained properly all will suffer from bad breath. Most of us control this by regular brushing, tongue cleaning and gargling. Even after maintining cleanliness in the mouth some individuals suffer from offenssive smell due to various causes which has to be diagnosed and treated properly.
Some Common Causes Of Bad Breath :
1) Poor Oral Hygiene : If oral hygiene is not maintained properly the mouth becomes the seat for millions of bacteria which produce offenssive gases by degrading the food debris. Bad breath is severe in those who do not brush their teeth regularly and clean their mouth after every food.
Snacks taken inbetween meals can also produce bad breath because of improper cleaning. Bad breath is common in almost all people in the morning on waking. During sleep there is less production of saliva. Saliva has got some anti-bacterial properties which help to keep the mouth clean. Saliva contains oxygen molecules which is needed to make oral cavity aerobic. So the reduction in it's quantity during sleep makes a favourable condition for anaerobic bacteria.
2) Food Habits : The main cause of bad smell is due to degradation of protein by the bacteria and hence all food products rich in protein favours bad breath. Meat, fish, milk products, eggs, cakes, nuts, pear and fruits can cause bad breath.
Some food articles can produce particular type of smell which may be unpleasent. Raw onion can produce typical bad smell. It is said that an apple a day keeps the doctor away, a raw onion a day keeps everybody away. Eating groundnuts can also produce bad smell. However if proper cleaning is done smell can be reduced irrespective of the nature of food. Irregularity in timing of food can also produce bad breath. Small food articles taken in between the meals can also produce bad smell.
3) Biofilm : There is formation of a thin sticky coating called biofilm on the tongue and oral mucosa. This coating is thick on the posterior aspect of the tongue where millions of gram negative bacteriae are seen. The thick coating on the tongue is always associated with bad breath. Even a thin biofilm can make anaerobic condition favourable for bacterial proliferation.
4) Dental Caries : This is a destructive process causing decalcification with distruction of enamel and dentine resulting in cavitisation of the tooth. These are produced mainly by the lactobacilli . Food particles are deposited inside these cavities and are putrified by the anaerobic bacteria producing bad smell. Normal brushing will not remove the food debris easily and hence they are putrified completely. Caries are common in schoolgoing children and in those who donot maintain proper oral hygiene. Calcium and vitamin deficiency can also predispose caries.
5) Gingivitis : Gum is a mucus membrane with supporting connective tissue covering the tooth bearing borders of the jaw. The main function of gum is protection. Gingivitis is the inflammation of the gum. Due to various causes gum tissue get infected resulting in swelling, pain and discharge. If the condition become worse the infection spread towards peridontal area leading to continuous discharge called pyorrhoea. Some times the infection goes deep producing alveolar abscess with discharge of pus. Infection can even reach the bone causing osteomyelitis.All these conditions can produce offenssive smell.
6) Gum Retraction : When the gums retract from the teeth a gap is developed which will lodge food particles and cause bad breath.
7) Dental Plaques and Tartar Deposits : Plaques and tartar is deposited mainly in the gaps between the teeth and gum. This will provide shelter for the food debris and bacteria causing bad breath.
8) Ulcerative Lesions & Coatings : Almost all ulcerative lesions of the mouth are associated with bad breath. These lesions may be caused by bacteria,viruses,food allergies or due to autoimmune disorders. Apthous ulcer is the commonest amoung ulcerative lesions. Others are herpes,fungal infections,vincents angina,infectious mononucleosis, scarlet fever, diphtheria,drug reactions and ect. Cancerous ulcers produce severe bad breath. All fungal infections produce white coating(candidiasis). Leucoplakia is a white thick patch on the mucus membrane of the mouth & tongue. It is considered as a precancerous condition. Offenssive breath is associated with these conditions.
9) Diseases of the Salivary Glands : Saliva is very useful to supply oxygen to all parts of the oral cavity. Even a thin film of coating called biofilm can provide an anaerobic condition in the mouth. Saliva can wet these layers and make an aerobic condition which is unfavourable for the bacteria. Any condition which reduces the production of saliva can increase bacterial activity. Some times the salivary duct is obstructed by stones or tumors. Cancer of the salivary gland is associated with offenssive odor. In suppurative parotitis purulant dischrge in to the mouth causes bad breath.
10) Tonsillitis : Tonsils are a pair of lymphoid tissue situated in the lateral wall of oropharynx. Inflammation of the tonsil is called tonsillitis. Bad breath is seen in both acute and chronic tonsillitis. Quinsy or peritonsillar abscess can also produce bad breath.
11) Tonsillar Plaques & Tonsillar Fluid : If bad breath persists even after maintaining proper oral hygeine there is possibility of this condition. Serous fluid secreated from the folds of tonsil is very offenssive. Some patients complain that they hawk some cheesy materials from the throat -which are very offenssive in nature. These are formed inside the tonsillar crypts which contain thousands of bacteriae. In such conditions tonsillectomy gives noticiable relief from bad breath.
12) Pharyngitis & Pharyngial Abscess : Pharynx is a fibromuscular tube which forms the upper part of the digestive & respiratory tract. Inflammation of the pharynx is called pharyngitis, caused mainly by bacteria and viruses. Bad breath is present in pharyngitis along with other signs like cough and throat irritation. Abscesses in the wall of pharynx can also produce offenssive discharge of pus in to the throat.
13) Dentures : Denture users may complain about bad smell due to lodgement of small food debris in between. Proper brushing may not be possible in denture users especially fixed dentures.
14) Tobacco : Tobacco chewing is associated with bad breath. The smell of tobacco itself is unpleasent for others. Tobacco can irritate the mucus membrane and cause ulcers and coatings. Gingivitis and pyorrhoea are common in tobacco chewers. Tartar is deposited on the teeth mainly near the gums. Tobacco chewers get gastric acidity with eructations. All these causes offenssive smell.
15) Smoking : Smokers always have bad smell. It can also produce lesions in the mouth & lungs causing bad breath. Smoking increases carbon dioxide in the oral cavity & reduces oxygen level,causing a favourable condition for bacteria. Smoking reduses appetite & thirst hence acid peptic disease is common in chain smokers.
16) Lessons In The Nose & Ear : Bad breath is occasionally seen in sinusitis(infection of para nasal sinuses). In case of post nasal dripping bad breath is common due to the presence of protein in the discharges. These proteins are degraded by the bacteria. Infection in the middle ear with discharge of pus in to the throat through the eustachian tube(passage from middle ear to the throat)can also cause offenssive odor. Chronic rhinitis(infection of mucus membrane of nose) and forign bodies in the nose can also produce bad smell in the expired air.
17) Diabetes Mellitus : Mostly all diabetic patients suffer from bad breath. Coated tongue, ulcers & coatings in the mouth, increased sugar level in tissues ect are responsible for bad breath. Bacterial growth in diabetic patient is very faster than non diabetic individuals.
18) Fevers : Bad breath is common in almost all fevers. Even an acute fever can produce bad breath. Severe bad breath is seen in typhoid .Other infectious diseases like Tuberculosis , AIDS ect produce bad smell.
19) Fasting & Dehydration : Dry mouth favours bacterial activity. So any condition which produce dryness in the mouth makes the breath offenssive. Eventhough the food particles are known to produce bad breath, fasting can also produce the same. Production of saliva is also reduced during fasting. Chewing and swallowing also helps to keep the mouth clean.
20) Bedridden Patients : Bedridden patients suffer from offenssive breath due to thick coating on the tongue. water intake is also limited in these patients. Regurgitation of food aggravates the condition. Since they talk less aeration in the oral cavity is reduced which favours anaerobic bacteria to become active.
21) Diseases of Stomach & Esophagus : Eructation of gas and food produce unpleasent smell. Abnormality in the function of lower sphincter can allow the food to regurgitate upwards causing bad breath. Bad breath is also common in gastritis, gastric ulcer and cancer of stomach.
22) Intestinal Diseases: Bad breath is common in patients suffering from ulcerative lesions of intestine like ulcerative collitis. Other diseases are malabsorption syndrome intestinal tuberculosis, peritonitis ect.
23) Diseases Of Lungs : Lung diseases like pneumonia, lung abscess,chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, tuberculosis, lung cancer ect can produce bad odor during expiration.
24) Liver Disorders : Liver diseases like hepatitis, cirrhosis,can cause bad breath.Gall bladder diseases with vomiting also causes unpleasent odor.
25) Psychiatric Patients : Bad breath is common in psychotic patients due to poor hygiene, irregular food habits, less water intake and ect.
26) Somatisation Disorder : This is a psychiatric disorder charecterised by the presence of a physical symptom that suggest a medical illness. These patients come with physical complaints like pain, nausea difficult respiration, bad smell ect. This condition is diagnosed after detailed examination of the patient with all investigations. Since this is a psychiatric disorder it has to be managed with a psychological approach.
Effects Of Alcohol On Internal Organs
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Action On The Stomach
The action of alcohol on the stomach is extremely dangerous that it becomes unable to produce the natural digestive fluid in sufficient quantity and also fails to absorb the food which it may imperfectly digest.
A condition marked by the sense of nausea emptiness, prostration and distention will always be faced by an alcoholic. This results in a loathing for food and is teased with a craving for more drink. Thus there is engendered a permanent disorder which is called dyspepsia. The disastrous forms of confirmed indigestion originate by this practice.
How The Liver Gets Affected
The organic deteriorations caused by the continued use of alcohol are often of a fatal character. The organ which most frequently undergoes structural changes from alcohol, is the liver.
Normally, the liver has the capacity to hold active substances in its cellular parts. In instances of poisoning by various poisonous compounds, we analyse liver as if it were the central depot of the foreign matter. It is practically the same in respect to alcohol.
The liver of an alcoholic is never free from the influence of alcohol and it is too often saturated with it. The minute membranous or capsular structure of the liver gets affected, preventing proper dialysis and free secretion. The liver becomes large due to the dilatation of its vessels, the surcharge of fluid matter and the thickening of tissue.
This follows contraction of membrane and shrinking of the whole organ in its cellular parts. Then the lower parts of the alcoholic becomes dropsical owing to the obstruction offered to the returning blood by the veins. The structure of the liver may be charged with fatty cells and undergo what is technically designated 'fatty liver'.
How The Kidneys Deteriorate
The Kidneys also suffer due to the excessive consumption of alcohol. The vessels of Kidneys lose elasticity and power of contraction. The minute structures in them go through fatty modification. Albumin from the blood easily passes through their membranes. This results in the body losing its power as if it were being run out of blood gradually.
Congestion Of The Lungs
Alcohol relaxes the vessels of the lungs easily as they are most exposed to the fluctuations of heat and cold. When subjected to the effects of a rapid variation in atmospheric temperature, they get readily congested. During severe winter seasons, the suddenly fatal congestions of lungs easily affects an alcoholic.
Alcohol Weakens Your Heart
Consumption of alcohol greatly affects the heart. The quality of the membraneous structures which cover and line the heart changes and are thickened, become cartilaginous or calcareous. Then the valves lose their suppleness and what is termed valvular disorder becomes permanent.
The structure of the the coats of the great blood-vessel leading from the heart share in the same changes of structure so that the vessel loses its elasticity and its power to feed the heart by the recoil from its distention, after the heart, by its stroke, has filled it with blood.
Again, the muscular structure of the heart fails owing to degenerative changes in its tissue. The elements of the muscular fibre are replaced by fatty cells or, if not so replaced, are themselves transferred into a modified muscular texture in which the power of contraction is greatly reduced.
Those who suffer from these organic deteriorations of the central and governing organ of the circulation of the blood learn the fact so insidiously, it hardly breaks upon them until the mischief is far advanced. They are conscious of a central failure of power from slight causes such as overexertion, trouble, broken rest or too long abstinence from food. They feel what they call a 'sinking' but they know that wine or some other stimulant will at once relieve the sensation.
Thus they seek to relieve it until at last they discover that the remedy fails. The jaded, overworked, faithful heart will bear no more. it has run its course and the governor of the blood-streams broken. The current either overflows into the tissues gradually damming up the courses or under some slight shock or excess of motion ceases wholly at the centre.
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Action On The Stomach
The action of alcohol on the stomach is extremely dangerous that it becomes unable to produce the natural digestive fluid in sufficient quantity and also fails to absorb the food which it may imperfectly digest.
A condition marked by the sense of nausea emptiness, prostration and distention will always be faced by an alcoholic. This results in a loathing for food and is teased with a craving for more drink. Thus there is engendered a permanent disorder which is called dyspepsia. The disastrous forms of confirmed indigestion originate by this practice.
How The Liver Gets Affected
The organic deteriorations caused by the continued use of alcohol are often of a fatal character. The organ which most frequently undergoes structural changes from alcohol, is the liver.
Normally, the liver has the capacity to hold active substances in its cellular parts. In instances of poisoning by various poisonous compounds, we analyse liver as if it were the central depot of the foreign matter. It is practically the same in respect to alcohol.
The liver of an alcoholic is never free from the influence of alcohol and it is too often saturated with it. The minute membranous or capsular structure of the liver gets affected, preventing proper dialysis and free secretion. The liver becomes large due to the dilatation of its vessels, the surcharge of fluid matter and the thickening of tissue.
This follows contraction of membrane and shrinking of the whole organ in its cellular parts. Then the lower parts of the alcoholic becomes dropsical owing to the obstruction offered to the returning blood by the veins. The structure of the liver may be charged with fatty cells and undergo what is technically designated 'fatty liver'.
How The Kidneys Deteriorate
The Kidneys also suffer due to the excessive consumption of alcohol. The vessels of Kidneys lose elasticity and power of contraction. The minute structures in them go through fatty modification. Albumin from the blood easily passes through their membranes. This results in the body losing its power as if it were being run out of blood gradually.
Congestion Of The Lungs
Alcohol relaxes the vessels of the lungs easily as they are most exposed to the fluctuations of heat and cold. When subjected to the effects of a rapid variation in atmospheric temperature, they get readily congested. During severe winter seasons, the suddenly fatal congestions of lungs easily affects an alcoholic.
Alcohol Weakens Your Heart
Consumption of alcohol greatly affects the heart. The quality of the membraneous structures which cover and line the heart changes and are thickened, become cartilaginous or calcareous. Then the valves lose their suppleness and what is termed valvular disorder becomes permanent.
The structure of the the coats of the great blood-vessel leading from the heart share in the same changes of structure so that the vessel loses its elasticity and its power to feed the heart by the recoil from its distention, after the heart, by its stroke, has filled it with blood.
Again, the muscular structure of the heart fails owing to degenerative changes in its tissue. The elements of the muscular fibre are replaced by fatty cells or, if not so replaced, are themselves transferred into a modified muscular texture in which the power of contraction is greatly reduced.
Those who suffer from these organic deteriorations of the central and governing organ of the circulation of the blood learn the fact so insidiously, it hardly breaks upon them until the mischief is far advanced. They are conscious of a central failure of power from slight causes such as overexertion, trouble, broken rest or too long abstinence from food. They feel what they call a 'sinking' but they know that wine or some other stimulant will at once relieve the sensation.
Thus they seek to relieve it until at last they discover that the remedy fails. The jaded, overworked, faithful heart will bear no more. it has run its course and the governor of the blood-streams broken. The current either overflows into the tissues gradually damming up the courses or under some slight shock or excess of motion ceases wholly at the centre.
Children and Exercise
If you have a child of 6 to 8 years old that wantsto start exercising and lifting weights, you may find yourself wondering what you should do. While some think it is perfectly fine for children to exercise, there are others that think differently.
The long and short of it is that yes, it is beneficial for your child to partake in exercise or a weight training regimen although there are afew things that you should keep in mind once thisstarts to happen.
No matter how you look at it, children aren't minature adults and therefore you can't use the same methods with growing children that you can use with adults, as children are different from adults emotionally, anatomically, and physiologically.
All children have immature skeletons, as their bones don't mature until they get 14 - 22 years of age. With girls, exercise during childhood canhave very critical effects on bone health that can last for their entire lives.
Children are often times vulnerable to growth related overuse injuries such as Osgood schlatterdisease. Children have immature temperature regulation systems due to their having a large surface area compared to their muscle mass whichwill cause them to be more susceptible to injurywhen they aren't properly warmed up.
Children don't sweat as much as adults do, so they will be more susceptible to heat exhaustionas well as a heat stroke. Due to their low musclemass and immature hormone system, it makes it harder for them to develop strength and speed. Their breathing and heart response during exercise are also different from an adults, which will affect their capacity for exercise.
On the other hand, young boys and girls can drastically improve their strength with weight training although opposed to adults, neurological factors instead of muscle growth factors are mostly responsible.
When you consider programs for children, first and foremost you should obtain a medical clearance. The first approach to designing a program is to establish a repetition range of 8 - 12 and keepthe work load appropriate for the range.
You should ensure that workouts are spread outenough to have at least 1 - 2 full days of rest between workouts. The main focus when working out should be on the form of every exercise performed, and not on the amount of weight being lifted.
Before weight training, warm up and stretching should be done. Start your children off with light loads and then make adjustments accordingly. No more than 3 non consecutive exercise sessions should be done in a week.
You should also see toit that they drink plenty of water before, during,and after exercise.
Getting enough water is veryimportant with exercise, as it is often times veryeasy to get dehydrated - especially with children.
The long and short of it is that yes, it is beneficial for your child to partake in exercise or a weight training regimen although there are afew things that you should keep in mind once thisstarts to happen.
No matter how you look at it, children aren't minature adults and therefore you can't use the same methods with growing children that you can use with adults, as children are different from adults emotionally, anatomically, and physiologically.
All children have immature skeletons, as their bones don't mature until they get 14 - 22 years of age. With girls, exercise during childhood canhave very critical effects on bone health that can last for their entire lives.
Children are often times vulnerable to growth related overuse injuries such as Osgood schlatterdisease. Children have immature temperature regulation systems due to their having a large surface area compared to their muscle mass whichwill cause them to be more susceptible to injurywhen they aren't properly warmed up.
Children don't sweat as much as adults do, so they will be more susceptible to heat exhaustionas well as a heat stroke. Due to their low musclemass and immature hormone system, it makes it harder for them to develop strength and speed. Their breathing and heart response during exercise are also different from an adults, which will affect their capacity for exercise.
On the other hand, young boys and girls can drastically improve their strength with weight training although opposed to adults, neurological factors instead of muscle growth factors are mostly responsible.
When you consider programs for children, first and foremost you should obtain a medical clearance. The first approach to designing a program is to establish a repetition range of 8 - 12 and keepthe work load appropriate for the range.
You should ensure that workouts are spread outenough to have at least 1 - 2 full days of rest between workouts. The main focus when working out should be on the form of every exercise performed, and not on the amount of weight being lifted.
Before weight training, warm up and stretching should be done. Start your children off with light loads and then make adjustments accordingly. No more than 3 non consecutive exercise sessions should be done in a week.
You should also see toit that they drink plenty of water before, during,and after exercise.
Getting enough water is veryimportant with exercise, as it is often times veryeasy to get dehydrated - especially with children.
Exercise During Pregnancy
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Everyone knows that exercise is very good for yourhealth. During pregnancy, exercise can have many other benefits as well. Normally, exercise should be light, especially during your first few weeks of pregnancy while your body adjusts to the changes.
Any type of heavy exercise can divert the bloodflow from crucial areas, and most women that exerciseon a regular basis should tone down their workoutregimen during pregnancy.
Swimming, walking, and yoga are two very popular exercise activities that are suitable for pregnant women. There are other forms of exercise such asweight lifting that are acceptable as long as itisn't too strenuous. Most specialists recommendexercise 3 - 4 times a week, unless you have amedical condition that prevents it. If you are everin doubt, you should consult a physician first.
Below, you'll find some of the best reasons as to why you should exercise during pregnancy.
1) Exercise can help to reduce the length of labor and recovery time. The right exercise routines will also increase stamina that is needed for delivery.
2) Improved mental health. Exercise canlower stress and improve your emotional health, making it easier for you to get through the new experience of becoming a mother.
3) Exercise can also help with weightmanagement after the child has been born. A common concern with most mothers is the weight they loseafter pregnancy. During pregnancy, exercise canmake post partum weight loss easier.
4) Exercise is very good for your unbornbaby. By keeping your body healthy, you are also looking out for your baby as well.
5) Exercise can help reduce the side effects of pregnancy. Symptoms such as fatigue, headaches, swelling, and constipation are all common with pregnant women. Studies have shown exercise to reduce the occurrence of these symptoms.
6) Exercise can also decrease the risk of premature birth. Exercise has been proven todecrease the risk of premature birth by at least 50%. You should always make sure that you drink plenty of fluids before you exercise, follow a nutritious diet, and avoid over exertion. You should also listen to your body, and if you start feeling sick you should immediately stop and rest.
If you exercise during your pregnancy, you'll find it a lot easier to deliver when the time comes. Exercise will help your body strengthen up, whichwill make it very easy on you when you go intothe delivery room. Women who don't exercise findit much harder when the time comes to give birth.
Exercising during pregnancy is one of the best things you can do for yourself and for your unbornbaby. Your baby will reap some of the benefits,which is reason enough to exercise. Always be safe when you exercise, and don't hesitate to aska doctor for advice if you have any questions at all. As long as you exercise safe and use good common sense, you'll do a world of good for your pregnancy.
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Everyone knows that exercise is very good for yourhealth. During pregnancy, exercise can have many other benefits as well. Normally, exercise should be light, especially during your first few weeks of pregnancy while your body adjusts to the changes.
Any type of heavy exercise can divert the bloodflow from crucial areas, and most women that exerciseon a regular basis should tone down their workoutregimen during pregnancy.
Swimming, walking, and yoga are two very popular exercise activities that are suitable for pregnant women. There are other forms of exercise such asweight lifting that are acceptable as long as itisn't too strenuous. Most specialists recommendexercise 3 - 4 times a week, unless you have amedical condition that prevents it. If you are everin doubt, you should consult a physician first.
Below, you'll find some of the best reasons as to why you should exercise during pregnancy.
1) Exercise can help to reduce the length of labor and recovery time. The right exercise routines will also increase stamina that is needed for delivery.
2) Improved mental health. Exercise canlower stress and improve your emotional health, making it easier for you to get through the new experience of becoming a mother.
3) Exercise can also help with weightmanagement after the child has been born. A common concern with most mothers is the weight they loseafter pregnancy. During pregnancy, exercise canmake post partum weight loss easier.
4) Exercise is very good for your unbornbaby. By keeping your body healthy, you are also looking out for your baby as well.
5) Exercise can help reduce the side effects of pregnancy. Symptoms such as fatigue, headaches, swelling, and constipation are all common with pregnant women. Studies have shown exercise to reduce the occurrence of these symptoms.
6) Exercise can also decrease the risk of premature birth. Exercise has been proven todecrease the risk of premature birth by at least 50%. You should always make sure that you drink plenty of fluids before you exercise, follow a nutritious diet, and avoid over exertion. You should also listen to your body, and if you start feeling sick you should immediately stop and rest.
If you exercise during your pregnancy, you'll find it a lot easier to deliver when the time comes. Exercise will help your body strengthen up, whichwill make it very easy on you when you go intothe delivery room. Women who don't exercise findit much harder when the time comes to give birth.
Exercising during pregnancy is one of the best things you can do for yourself and for your unbornbaby. Your baby will reap some of the benefits,which is reason enough to exercise. Always be safe when you exercise, and don't hesitate to aska doctor for advice if you have any questions at all. As long as you exercise safe and use good common sense, you'll do a world of good for your pregnancy.
Quit Smoking With Exercise
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When you decide to stop smoking, you'll bring onother changes in your life as well. Smoking is avery addictive habit, meaning that it is very hard to quit. There are a lot of changes that take place,although exercise can be a big help to you when youdecide to quit.
Try to set a new routine, such as working out orgoing to the gym. If that isn't possible, you should try waking up earlier and going for a shortwalk. If you can turn that walk into a run or a jog, it is going to be very stimulating and the bestway that you can start your day.
Keep in mind that exercise doesn't really mean pumping metal. If you don't have the time to stopby the gym every day, then it isn't really that bigof a problem, as you can always choose to workoutat home.
Whether you choose to workout at home or at a gym,you should always remember that regularity is thekey. It isn't getting started that's the difficultpart, it's sticking to a regular exercise programthat is difficult and proves to be stumbling blockfor most people.
Some people have a great start. They will buy track suits, gym wear, running shoes, and a lotof other gear, so their first day at the gym isalmost like a celebration. As the days go by, they find it very difficult to meet the demandsand their routine will slow down a lot and finallycome to a complete exercise burnout.
One mistake that several people make is choosingthe evenings to exercise. If evenings fit yourlifestyle, then it's fine. For most people however,the evening hours are when they are completelypooped. By the evening most of us are drained,and simply too tired for exercise. Therefore, itis always best to set some time aside for exercisein the morning.
In the morning, wake up a half an hour or so earlier, put on your shoes, and hit the road. Mostroads are less crowded in the morning and lesspolluted as well, making it a wonderful and relaxingway to start the day.
You should also steer clear from the coffee and trytea instead. If you are moving around in the house, try playing music. You can also redecorate your room by adding a few pictures around. When you redecorate, you should get rid of everything that reminds you of smoking.
Plan your day where you'll have something fun to do at the end of the day. It doesn't need to be something that involves money, as you don't want to end up bankrupt. Spending time with family, playing games, or going for a walk with your family are all good activities.
Watching television doesn't really fit into thelist. The reason is because television isn't something that demands a lot of attention. You can easily do something else while you are watching television.
You should also make a list of things that buildup your stress and try to avoid them. If itisn't possible, you should try to find out somesome ways to bust stress and use them. Whatever you do, you shouldn't use stress as an excuseto start smoking.
There are many other methods that you can use tobeat stress. You can try breathing exercises, mediation, or even music. Another great way to beat stress is using the distressing ball. If you don't have one or access to one, you canalways wiggle your fingers and toes. This too is a great and natural method to beat stress.
========================================
When you decide to stop smoking, you'll bring onother changes in your life as well. Smoking is avery addictive habit, meaning that it is very hard to quit. There are a lot of changes that take place,although exercise can be a big help to you when youdecide to quit.
Try to set a new routine, such as working out orgoing to the gym. If that isn't possible, you should try waking up earlier and going for a shortwalk. If you can turn that walk into a run or a jog, it is going to be very stimulating and the bestway that you can start your day.
Keep in mind that exercise doesn't really mean pumping metal. If you don't have the time to stopby the gym every day, then it isn't really that bigof a problem, as you can always choose to workoutat home.
Whether you choose to workout at home or at a gym,you should always remember that regularity is thekey. It isn't getting started that's the difficultpart, it's sticking to a regular exercise programthat is difficult and proves to be stumbling blockfor most people.
Some people have a great start. They will buy track suits, gym wear, running shoes, and a lotof other gear, so their first day at the gym isalmost like a celebration. As the days go by, they find it very difficult to meet the demandsand their routine will slow down a lot and finallycome to a complete exercise burnout.
One mistake that several people make is choosingthe evenings to exercise. If evenings fit yourlifestyle, then it's fine. For most people however,the evening hours are when they are completelypooped. By the evening most of us are drained,and simply too tired for exercise. Therefore, itis always best to set some time aside for exercisein the morning.
In the morning, wake up a half an hour or so earlier, put on your shoes, and hit the road. Mostroads are less crowded in the morning and lesspolluted as well, making it a wonderful and relaxingway to start the day.
You should also steer clear from the coffee and trytea instead. If you are moving around in the house, try playing music. You can also redecorate your room by adding a few pictures around. When you redecorate, you should get rid of everything that reminds you of smoking.
Plan your day where you'll have something fun to do at the end of the day. It doesn't need to be something that involves money, as you don't want to end up bankrupt. Spending time with family, playing games, or going for a walk with your family are all good activities.
Watching television doesn't really fit into thelist. The reason is because television isn't something that demands a lot of attention. You can easily do something else while you are watching television.
You should also make a list of things that buildup your stress and try to avoid them. If itisn't possible, you should try to find out somesome ways to bust stress and use them. Whatever you do, you shouldn't use stress as an excuseto start smoking.
There are many other methods that you can use tobeat stress. You can try breathing exercises, mediation, or even music. Another great way to beat stress is using the distressing ball. If you don't have one or access to one, you canalways wiggle your fingers and toes. This too is a great and natural method to beat stress.
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